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GC-MS Analysis of Pteleopsis suberosa Stem Bark Methanol-Chloroform Extract
David Morakinyo Sanni,
Oluwasegun Victor Omotoyinbo
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
37-40
Received:
6 February 2016
Accepted:
11 March 2016
Published:
28 April 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20160403.11
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Abstract: The investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive components of the stem bark of Pteleopsis suberosa using GC-MS analysis. The chemical compositions of the methanol-chloroform (2:1 v/v) extract of the plants stem bark was investigated using GC-MS QP2010 PLUS, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. Twelve compounds were identified; Friedelan-3-ol (23.47%) was found to be major component followed by Di-n-octyl phthalate (17.23%), 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)- (17.80%), Diethyl Hexadecanedioate (10.55%), Glycerol-1,2-dipalmitate (8.50%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (7.08%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (6.85%).
Abstract: The investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive components of the stem bark of Pteleopsis suberosa using GC-MS analysis. The chemical compositions of the methanol-chloroform (2:1 v/v) extract of the plants stem bark was investigated using GC-MS QP2010 PLUS, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was match...
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Intra-Specific Pollen Size Variability in Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. – an Ethnomedicinal Weed Taxon of Lamiaceae
Puja Rani Saha,
Sangram Sinha,
Rabindra Kumar Sinha
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
41-45
Received:
6 April 2016
Accepted:
16 April 2016
Published:
28 April 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20160403.12
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Abstract: Variation in pollen stainability and morphometric sizes were recorded in the pollen grains of Hyptis suaveolens in a given sample population. Infrequent pollenkitt distribution in the outer wall of pollen was recorded. Distribution pattern of stained and unstained pollen revealed the characteristic variation in pollen sizes. The micromorphometric measurements of pollen grains were statistically analysed with one-way ANOVA and LSD among the mean values of pollen sizes. The results clearly revealed significant differences among the different categories of pollen sizes recorded in the present investigation. Present findings indicate the existence of pollen polymorphism with respect to size in H. suaveolens within the taxon.
Abstract: Variation in pollen stainability and morphometric sizes were recorded in the pollen grains of Hyptis suaveolens in a given sample population. Infrequent pollenkitt distribution in the outer wall of pollen was recorded. Distribution pattern of stained and unstained pollen revealed the characteristic variation in pollen sizes. The micromorphometric m...
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Optimizing of Synthetic Seed of Malling apple (Malusdomestica) Rootstocks cv. M26 and cv. MM106
Zarinkamar Elham,
Nejad Satari Taher
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
46-51
Received:
10 September 2015
Accepted:
14 April 2016
Published:
11 May 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20160403.13
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Abstract: Malling Increasing demands for apple across the world requires its rapid production. Agricultural biotechnology has met this need and has prevented some problems during adolescence period and long generation. We investigated embryonic and non-embryonic callus through cultivating apical and lateral buds on different treatments with MS base culture and BAP (0-2.5 mg/l) and IBA (0-5 mg/l) hormones Kin and NAA hormones. The highest percent of embryogenesis related to T11 treatment (IBA 4 mg/l, BAP 1 mg/l) and T23 (IBA 4 mg/l, BAP 2.5 mg/l). The embryos were in corpuscular stage. Then third sub-culture was performed and all calluses and embryos were delivered to their corresponding treatments. K5 (NAA 1 mg/l, Kin 0.5 mg/l) and K8 (NAA 3 mg/l, Kin 1 mg/l) yielded the highest amount of callus (5.3 mm). The embryos remained in corpuscular stage and they did not show reproductive ability and developmental process. After preparation of artificial seed no regeneration was seen. By embryogenesis of MM.106 and M.26, the purpose of this research is improving a protocol for generation of two somatic cultivars.
Abstract: Malling Increasing demands for apple across the world requires its rapid production. Agricultural biotechnology has met this need and has prevented some problems during adolescence period and long generation. We investigated embryonic and non-embryonic callus through cultivating apical and lateral buds on different treatments with MS base culture a...
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Virus Detection and Elimination in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Through Somatic Embryogenesis
Rebicca Edward,
Andrew Wetten
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
52-57
Received:
1 May 2016
Accepted:
11 May 2016
Published:
26 May 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20160403.14
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Abstract: Cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV) is a major pathogen that has seriously constrained cocoa production in West Africa, particularly Ghana and Nigeria. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of cocoa somatic embryogenesis to produce virus-free clonal propagation material both for replanting and to facilitate the safe international exchange of germplasm. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based screening, is employed in this study because of its capacity for CSSV detection prior to the appearance of visual symptoms. Degenerate PCR primers were developed in order to improve the CSSV-strain dependence of earlier tests. The degenerate primers were capable of detecting 37 out of a putative 56 CSSV strains, four more than the sequence specific primers. For tissue culture studies, cocoa staminodes cultures were established from flowers of CSSV-infected cocoa genotypes CL 19/10 strain 1A and Amelonado Plant 2 to produce callus, primary and secondary somatic embryos, with genotype AMAZ 15 used as a virus-free control. PCR-based CSSV detection proved that virus could be detected at callus, primary somatic embryos and secondary somatic embryo stages, indicating that the progress of the virus was progressively impeded. These findings support the use of somatic embryogenesis as a mean of improving CSSV-free clonal propagation of cocoa. Somatic embryogenesis is indeed effective for virus elimination in cocoa and it has been demonstrated to function for a range of cocoa genotypes. This also means that a likely mechanism for the interruption of CSSV movement has been identified.
Abstract: Cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV) is a major pathogen that has seriously constrained cocoa production in West Africa, particularly Ghana and Nigeria. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of cocoa somatic embryogenesis to produce virus-free clonal propagation material both for replanting and to facilitate the safe international exch...
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Induced Herbicide Resistance in Certain Food Legumes Using In Vitro Techniques
Odelu G.,
Ayodhya Ramulu Ch.,
Venkateshwarlu M.,
Anitha Devi U.,
Parvathi. D.,
Ugandhar T.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
58-62
Received:
23 April 2016
Accepted:
4 May 2016
Published:
7 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20160403.15
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Abstract: Recently new approaches were developed to produce tissue and cell culture techniques capable of regeneration in to fertile plants in recalcitrant Legume crops by via either Organogenesis or Embryogenesis. The suspension culture system facilitates an experimental approach with a large variety of objectives for crop modification cellular selection and transformation. The importance of plant cell and tissue in applied and fundamental research has out lined by many workers. Though Legumes have been extensively used in plant cell and tissue culture systems regeneration of whole plants from in vitro experiments not amicable like other systems. The growth of excised plant tissues on defined medium should provide a relatively precise measurement of the effect of growth regulating substances as compared with the evalution of their influence on whole plant. This approach is tested in the food Legumes by comparing auxin and cytokinin requirements on callus tissue derived from different genotypes. The objective was to identify normal and plant types with distinct auxin and cytokinin response to be used in studies of genetic regulation of hormonal function and metabolism.
Abstract: Recently new approaches were developed to produce tissue and cell culture techniques capable of regeneration in to fertile plants in recalcitrant Legume crops by via either Organogenesis or Embryogenesis. The suspension culture system facilitates an experimental approach with a large variety of objectives for crop modification cellular selection an...
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