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Application of Microsatellite Molecular Markers in Studies of Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Plant Species of Cerrado
Lia Maris Orth Ritter Antiqueira
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2013
Pages:
1-5
Received:
13 May 2013
Published:
10 June 2013
Abstract: Advances in molecular biology in recent decades and the growing interest of the scientific community in assessing the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation on species have allowed the creation of new perspectives for research on population genetics, where biodiversity is investigated by means of molecular diversity. The initiatives for conservation genomics have been invaluable to delineate effective strategies for genetic conservation in the short and long term. In this paper we discuss the use of microsatellite molecular markers in studies of genetic diversity focused on species of Cerrado. Markers are highly informative and occur profusely in the genome of plants. Despite the high costs involved in developing microsatellites, their use has grown exponentially in reproductive ecology, conservation and population management. This tool allows the identification of the reproductive system of species and possible hybridizations, as well as the estimation of genetic risks of extinction, detection of vulnerable populations and determination of the minimum viable area of conservation, among others.
Abstract: Advances in molecular biology in recent decades and the growing interest of the scientific community in assessing the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation on species have allowed the creation of new perspectives for research on population genetics, where biodiversity is investigated by means of molecular diversity. The initiatives for cons...
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Examination of Some Physiological and Biochemical Changes based on Ripening in Fruits of Different Types of Apricots
Zehra Tuğba Abacı,
Bayram Murat Asma
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2013
Pages:
6-10
Received:
13 June 2013
Published:
30 June 2013
Abstract: This study was performed to determine the some physiological and biochemical changes occurred during ripening period in fruits of different types of apricots. In the fruits of six types of apricots (Hasanbey, Canino, Turfanda Eskimalatya, Hacihaliloglu, Özal, Levent) collected during green, mature green and ripe periods, amounts of TSS (Brixo), titratable acidity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophylls were determined. During ripening, the highest and lowest increase in TSS occurred in apricot types called ‘Hacihaliloglu’ and ‘Turfanda Eskimalatya’, respectively. In all three ripening periods, it was found that ‘Hacihaliloglu’ had the lowest acid content. During ripening, decreases in amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophylls were observed. Differences between apricot types in terms of decrease in chlorophyll amounts was detected and the highest difference occurred in apricot type called ‘Turfanda Eskimalatya’.
Abstract: This study was performed to determine the some physiological and biochemical changes occurred during ripening period in fruits of different types of apricots. In the fruits of six types of apricots (Hasanbey, Canino, Turfanda Eskimalatya, Hacihaliloglu, Özal, Levent) collected during green, mature green and ripe periods, amounts of TSS (Brixo), tit...
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Early Growth and Development of Ensete Ventricosum (Musaceae) Seedlings
Laila M. Karlsson,
Tamado T.,
Abitew Lagibo Dalbato,
Mikias Y.
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2013
Pages:
11-17
Received:
20 June 2013
Published:
10 July 2013
Abstract: Enset is drought-tolerant, multi-purpose crop which has, since ancient times, been part of a sustainable cropping system with high agro-biodiversity in Ethiopia. It could improve independent food and livelihood security more than currently and in larger areas. Enset is traditionally propagated vegetatively, and plants are harvested before seed-set. There is request for new cultivars, and traits could be improved by conventional breeding through seeds and selection. However, there is no documented knowledge on seedling growth and development under field conditions. Therefore, we undertook the first study on enset seedling performance. Seeds originating from three cultivated and three wild plants were used. Over 400 newly germinated seeds were planted outdoors in an area with traditional enset cultivation. Seedlings were grown in local soil only or with supplement of cow manure or a locally available inorganic fertilizer (DAP). During the first three weeks after germination, there was no difference due to substrate, while cow manure was efficient and enough for further growth. Within 24 months, seedlings planted in the field and supplied with manure, reached 1.5-2 m pseudostem circumference and four out of ten flowered; much faster and stronger growth than expected. It is concluded that it would be suitable to breed enset through sexual propagation, utilizing the genetic variation for selection and following established procedures for new cultivars. However, seeds must not be distributed for direct use; clones developed from selected seedlings can efficiently be vegetatively propagated and distributed.
Abstract: Enset is drought-tolerant, multi-purpose crop which has, since ancient times, been part of a sustainable cropping system with high agro-biodiversity in Ethiopia. It could improve independent food and livelihood security more than currently and in larger areas. Enset is traditionally propagated vegetatively, and plants are harvested before seed-set....
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